| 1. | General average act
共同海损行为 |
| 2. | Only such losses , damages or expenses which are the direct consequence of the general average act shall be allowed as general average
只有属于共同海损行为直接后果的损失或费用，才应作为共同海损。 |
| 3. | Loss of freight arising from damage to or loss of cargo shall be made good as general average , either when caused by a general average act , or when the damage to or loss of cargo is so allowed
如果货物的损失是共同海损行为造成的，或者已作为共同海损受到补偿，则由于货物损失所引起的运费损失，也应作为共同海损受到补偿。 |
| 4. | Loss of freight arising from damage to or loss of cargo shall be made good as general average , either when caused by a general average act , or when the damage to or loss of cargo is so made good
如果货物的损失是共同海损行为造成的，或者已作为共同海损受到补偿，则由于货物损失所引起的运费损失，也应作为共同海损受到补偿。 |
| 5. | A vessel is not in common peril with another vessel or vessels if by simply disconnecting from the other vessel or vessels she is in safety ; but if the disconnection is itself a general average act the common maritime adventure continues
如果一艘船舶只要脱离其他船舶便能获得安全，则同其他船舶不处于共同的危险之中，但如果脱离本身是共同海损行为，则共同航程继续存在。 |
| 6. | There is a general average act when , and only when , any extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is intentionally and reasonably made or incurred for the common safety for the purpose of preserving from peril the property involved in a common maritime adventure
只有在为了共同安全，使同一航程中的财产脱离危险，有意而合理地做出特殊牺牲或支付特殊费用时，才能构成共同海损行为。 |
| 7. | The costs of cleaning , painting or coating of bottom shall not be allowed in general average unless the bottom has been painted or coated within the twelve months preceding the date of the general average act in which case one half of such costs shall be allowed
船底刷洗、油漆或涂层的费用不应列入共同海损，但如在共同海损行为发生之日以前十二月内曾经油漆或涂层，则油漆或涂层费用的半数应作为共同海损。 |
| 8. | When a ship is ashore and cargo and ship ' s fuel and stores or any of them are discharged as a general average act , the extra cost of lightening , lighter hire and reshipping ( if incurred ) , and the loss or damage sustained thereby , shall be admitted as general average
作为共同海损行为而卸下搁浅船舶的货物、船用燃料和物料时，其减载、租用驳船和重装（如果发生）的额外费用和由此所遭受的灭失或损坏，都应认作共同海损。 |
| 9. | When a ship is ashore and cargo and ship ' s fuel and stores or any of them are discharged as a general average act , the extra cost of lightening , lighter hire and reshipping ( if incurred ) , and any loss or damage to the property involved in the common maritime adventure in consequence thereof , shall be allowed as general average
作为共同海损行为而卸下搁浅船舶的货物、船用燃料和物料时，其减载、租用驳船和重装（如果发生）的额外费用和由此造成共同航程中的财产的任何灭失或损坏，都应认作共同海损。 |
| 10. | When a ship is ashore and cargo and ship ' s fuel and stores or any of them are discharged as a general average act , the extra cost of lightening , lighter hire and reshipping ( if incurred ) , and any loss or damage to the property involved in the common maritime adventure in consequence thereof , shall be admitted as general average
作为共同海损行为而卸下搁浅船舶的货物、船用燃料和物料时，其减载、租用驳船和重装（如果发生）的额外费用和由此造成共同航程中的财产的任何灭失或损坏，都应认作共同海损。 |
